Introduction: Limited allocation of resources amongst geographically diverse individuals is an inherent root cause of health inequity. Maldistribution of health service resources between urban and rural areas is common, with highly populated areas prioritised over sparsely populated, geographically vast areas. As such, challenges impacting dementia diagnosis, management, and care in urban areas are even more acute in rural areas.
Aim: To examine equity of access to dementia diagnosis, management and care for people diagnosed with dementia and/or their significant others (partner/spouse, adult children, siblings, and friends) in the context of rural and urban Australia.
Methods: A descriptive qualitative study with semi-structured interviews conducted online using zoom. Interviews explored the signs and symptoms of dementia noticed, health professionals consulted, tests conducted, and challenges faced throughout the diagnosis process. Russell’s (2013) Dimensions of Access (availability, geography, affordability, accommodation, timeliness, acceptability, and awareness) guided analysis.
Results and conclusion: Thirty-seven people who had experienced the Australian dementia diagnosis process as a patient and/or significant other participated in the interviews. Disparity in access between urban and rural areas emerged in five dimensions: availability of healthcare and support services; geography impeding ability to access services; affordability of travel expenses; acceptability of available health professionals and services; and awareness of local services and resources. Accommodation and timeliness were challenges irrespective of location, with lengthy appointment wait times and difficulty navigating complex systems. Significant inequity exists across the rural-urban divide that must be prioritised in endeavours to promote equitable dementia diagnosis, management. and care throughout Australia.